新托福考试听力真题原文文本(完整版)TPO13:1

全国等级考试资料网 2019-04-09 13:09:51 68

  TPO 13
  Conversation 1

  Professor
  Good afternoon, Alex, can I help you with something?
  Student
  Well, I want to talk with you about the research project you have assigned today. I um…I hope you could clarify a few things for me.
  Professor
  I'll certainly try.
  Student
  Ok, all we have to do is do two observations and take notes on them, right?
  Professor
  Ur, that's the start, but you need to do some research, too. Then you will write a paper that is not so much about the observations, but a synthesis of what you have observed and read.
  Student
  Ok….And what about the children I am suppose to observe?
  Professor
  Not children, a single child observed twice.
  Student
  Oh…Ok, so I should choose a child with a permission of a child's parents of course and then observed that child a couple of times and take good notes, then?
  Professor
  Actually after your first observation, you go back and look through your textbook or go to a library and find a few sources concerning the stage of development, the particular child is in. Then, with that knowledge, you will make the second observation of the same child to see if these expected developmental behaviors are exhibited.
  Student
  Can you give me an example?
  Professor
  Well, en, if you observed a 4 year-old child, for example, my daughter is 4 years old; you might read up on cushy stage of cognitive development we covered those in class.
  Student
  Aha…
  Professor
  And most likely, what stage would a child of that age be in?
  Student
  Um… the pre-operational stage?
  Professor
  Exactly, if that's the case, her languages used to be maturing and her memory and imagination would be developed.
  Student
  So she might play pretend like she can pretend when driving her toy car across a couch that the couch is actually a bridge or something.
  Professor
  That is right. In addition, her thinking would be primarily egocentric.
  Student
  So she would be thinking mostly about herself and her own needs, and might not be able to see things from anyone else perspective.
  Professor
  En hums…
  Student
  But what if she doesn't? I mean, what if she doesn't demonstrate those behaviors?
  Professor
  That's fine; you'll note that in your paper. See, your paper should compare what is expected of children at certain stages of development with what you actually observed.
  Student
  Ok, I have one more question now.
  Professor
  What's that?
  Student
  Where can I find a child to observe?
  Professor
  Ur, I suggest you contact the education department secretary. She has a list of contacts at various schools and with certain families who are somehow connected to the university. Sometimes they are willing to help out students with projects like yours.
  Student
  Ok, I'll stop by the educational department office this afternoon.
  Professor
  And if you have any trouble or any more questions, feel free to come by during my office hours.

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