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The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or other's) into cold, objective terms. "She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt." More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly -perhaps with a two-second glance.
We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to, can compare the observed person' s behavior with the known other's behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or axial environment so as to observe the person's to responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about an other person--questions, self-disclosures, and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won' t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically , those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e. g. , secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as the things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person ( e. g. , disclosures and truthful statements).
21. The word "pinpoint" (para. 1,) basically means _______.
A) appreciate B) obtain C) interpret D) identify
22. What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A) People are better described in cold, objective terms.
B) The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated.
C) One should nor judge people by their appearances.
D) One is usually subjective when assessing other people' s personality.
23 . It can be inferred from Berger' s suggestions that _______.
A) People do not reveal their true self on every occasion.
B) in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directly.
C) the best way to know a person is by making comparisons.
D) face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person.
24 . In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the author's opinion, are ___________.
A) personal matters that should be seriously dealt with
B) barriers that should be done away with
C) as significant as disclosures and truthful statements
D) things people should guard against
25. The author's purpose in writing the passage is _________.
A) to give advice on appropriate conduct for social occasions
B) to provide ways of how to obtain information about occasions
C) to call the reader's attention to the negative side of people's characters
D) to discuss the various aspects of getting to know people
答案：21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D
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